Marine Pharmocognosy and Marine Drugs


Biochemicals produced by marine invertebrates, algae and bacteria, are very different than those from related terrestrial organisms and thus offer great potential as new classes of medicines. To date, examples of marine-derived drugs include an antibiotic from fungi, two closely related compounds from a sponge that treat cancer and the herpes virus, and a neurotoxin from a snail that has painkiller properties making it 10,000 times more potent than morphine without the side effects In addition to new medicines, nutritional supplements(algae and fish compounds), artificial bone (corals), and industrial applications (fluorescent other uses for marine-derived compounds include: cosmetics(algae, crustacean and sea fan compounds),  compounds from jellyfish, novel glues from mussels, and heat resistant enzymes from deep-sea bacteria).



With 79% of the earth’s surface covered by water, research into the chemistry of marine organisms is relatively unexplored and represents a vast resource for new medicines to combat major diseases such as cancerAIDS or malaria. Standard research involves an extraction of the organism in a suitable solvent followed by either an assay of this crude extract for a particular disease target or a rationally guided isolation of new chemical compounds using standard chromatography techniques. Definition - Marine Pharmacognosy is a sub branch of pharmacognosy which is mainly concerned with the naturally occurring substances of medicinal value from marine. generally the drugs are obtained from the marine species of bacteria ,virus algae ,fungi and sponges etc.



 


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